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Bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) coatings are a surface treatment provided to biomaterials intended to reduce the growth of disadvantageous bacteria such as S. epidermidis, E. coli, and Candida albicans.〔Bushnak, Ibraheem, Fatima Labeed, Richard Sear, and Joseph Keddie. "Adhesion of Microorganisms to Bovine Submaxillary Mucin Coatings: Effect of Coating Deposition Conditions." Biofouling 26.4 (2010): 387-97. Print.〕 BSM is a substance extracted from the fresh salivary glands of cows. It exhibits unique physical properties, such as high molecular weight and amphiphilicity, that allow it to be used for many biomedical applications. Each species possesses mucin-secreting submaxillary glands. Currently, eight different mucins have been identified for humans.〔"Polymeric Biomaterials, Revised and Expanded." Google Books. Ed. Severian Dumitriu. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2013.〕 However, it is the mucin from bovine and porcine sources that have been used in several biomaterial applications. The most common use of BSM is in coatings for implanted materials. In such applications, the adsorption characteristics of BSM are integral to the behavior of materials in vivo. Survival and rejection of an implant are highly dependent on surface modifications that dictate the interfacial interaction between a material and the body. Thus, BSM adsorption increases biocompatibility. Epithelial tissue lines surfaces throughout the body. A mucous gel layer composed of protein coats this tissue. The main function of the layer is protection from mechanical stress, dehydration, and bacterial infections. It also plays a role in cellular signaling, cellular interactions, and pH regulation.〔 The two main components of the gel are mucins and water, with the mucins forming the backbone of the mucous.〔Svensson, Olof. INTERACTIONS OF MUCINS WITH BIOPOLYMERS AND DRUG DELIVERY PARTICLES. Thesis. Malmö University, 2008. Holmbergs: Malmö University, 2008. Print.〕 Mucin originates from the mucus secretions from submaxillary glands, which are salivary glands that are located under the floor of the mouth. The secreted mucin assists in digestion by coating the bolus such that it travels easily through the digestive tract. Mucins are constituents of one class of glycoproteins: sialic acid-containing glycoproteins, or mucoproteins.〔Proust, Jacques Emile, Adam Baszkin, Eric Perez, and Marie Martine Boissonnade. "Bovine Submaxillary Mucin (BSM) Adsorption at Solid/ Liquid Interfaces and Surface Forces." Colloids and Surfaces 10 (1984): 43-52. Print.〕 They have a high molecular weight and exist as either membrane-bound or secretory mucins. The membrane-bound type have a hydrophilic area that extends along a membrane and attaches to cellular surfaces. Secretory mucins are the main components of the mucous gel layer that coats the epithelium.〔 == Physical characteristics == While mucous is mostly composed of water, its structural and rheological properties are characterized by mucin. Under an atomic force microscope, BSM appears as a composition of dumbbell shaped fibers at heights of approximately 1 nm.〔Znamenskaya, Yana, Javier Sotres, Johan Engblom, Thomas Arnebrant, and Vitaly Kocherbitov. "Effect of Hydration on Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of Pig Gastric and Bovine Submaxillary Gland Mucins." The Journal of Physical Chemistry 116.16 (2012): 5047-055. Print.〕 BSM can be purchased as a powder, in which case it appears white to light brown.〔Sigma-Aldrich. "Mucin from Bovine Submaxillary Glands." Sigma-Aldrich. Sigma-Aldrich, n.d. Web. 23 May 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bovine submaxillary mucin coatings」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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